Otho Coins

Marcus Otho Caesar Augustus

Reign 69 AD – 69 AD
Dynasty Year of Four Emperors
Born 32 AD
Died 69 AD

Marcus Salvius Otho had been a close friend and companion of Nero before being sent as governor to Lusitania. After Galba's adoption of Piso denied him the succession he expected, he organised the Praetorian coup that killed Galba. His reign lasted only three months before Vitellius's Rhine legions defeated him at Bedriacum; rather than prolong the civil war, Otho committed suicide, an act widely praised by contemporaries as nobly Roman.

Otho's reign is historically significant primarily for his manner of death, which ancient authors used to rehabilitate him from his Neronian past. Numismatically, his coins are among the rarest of any principal Roman emperor; a genuine aureus of Otho in fine condition commands exceptional prices at auction.

Key Events

15 January 69 AD Praetorian Guard murdered Galba and proclaimed Otho emperor
69 AD Vitellius's Rhine legions refused to recognise Otho; civil war began
April 69 AD First Battle of Bedriacum: Otho's forces defeated by the Vitellians
16 April 69 AD Otho committed suicide rather than continue the war, reportedly to spare further bloodshed

Coinage

Otho's coinage is extremely rare owing to his brief reign of under ninety days. All known issues were struck at Rome. His portrait types share the laurel wreath and cuirassed bust of previous emperors, and the reverses echo Julio-Claudian themes of Securitas and the divine favour of the gods, types chosen to suggest legitimacy.

Denominations

Aureus Denarius

Notable Types

  • SECVRITAS PR (Security of the Roman People) aureus
  • PAX ORBIS TERRARVM types
  • PONT MAX TR P COS denarius types

Common Reverses

SECVRITAS PR PAX ORBIS TERRARVM CERES AVGVSTA

Active Mints

Rome

Further Reading

  • Roman Imperial Coinage, Volume I (revised), C.H.V. Sutherland
  • The Twelve Caesars, Suetonius (trans. Robert Graves)