Constantius III

Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantius Augustus

Reign 421 AD – 421 AD
Dynasty Theodosian
Born c. 380 AD
Died 421 AD

Flavius Constantius was a Danubian general who became the dominant power in the West after Stilicho's fall. He recovered Gaul from the usurpers Constantine III and Jovinus, and the African provinces from Heraclianus. He married Galla Placidia, the captive half-sister of Honorius, in 417, a union that produced the future emperor Valentinian III. Honorius eventually recognised him as co-Augustus in 421, but the Eastern court under Theodosius II refused recognition. Constantius died of pleurisy after only seven months as Augustus.

Constantius III was arguably the most capable western ruler of his era, and had he lived longer his son's reign might have been very different. His marriage to Galla Placidia was dynastic statecraft of a high order, securing the Theodosian line's continuation. His coins are genuine rarities in any denomination.

Key Events

411 AD Defeated the usurper Constantine III in Gaul
415 AD Managed the settlement of the Visigoths in Aquitaine as foederati
417 AD Married Galla Placidia; their son Valentinian III would become emperor
2 February 421 AD Raised to co-Augustus by Honorius; Eastern court refused to recognise him
2 September 421 AD Died of pleurisy after only seven months as Augustus

Coinage

The coinage of Constantius III is extremely rare; his seven-month reign as Augustus left almost no time for significant coin production. A small number of solidi and siliquae bearing his portrait exist from western mints. His portrait as Augustus shows a powerful, bearded military face consistent with his role as the empire's real military commander for nearly a decade.

Denominations

Solidus Siliqua

Notable Types

  • VICTORIA AVGGG types (joint with Honorius and Theodosius II)
  • Rare solidus portrait types

Common Reverses

VICTORIA AVGGG

Active Mints

Ravenna Rome

Further Reading

  • Roman Imperial Coinage, Volume X, J.P.C. Kent
  • Roman Coins and Their Values, Volume V, David R. Sear