Avitus

Imperator Caesar Eparchius Avitus Augustus

Reign 455 AD – 456 AD
Dynasty Last Western Emperors
Born c. 385 AD
Died 456 AD

Eparchius Avitus was a Gallic aristocrat and general who was proclaimed emperor at Arles with the support of the Visigothic king Theoderic II. He was the last emperor to have serious support in Gaul. His reign lasted little over a year before the powerful general Ricimer and the Danubian officer Majorian deposed him. He was made bishop of Piacenza (a face-saving exile) but died shortly after, possibly murdered.

Avitus represents the last moment when Gaul had a genuine stake in imperial politics. After his deposition, power passed decisively to the Italian generalissimos. His coins are scarce and reflect the westward shift of late western mint production.

Key Events

455 AD Proclaimed emperor at Arles by Gallic aristocracy and Visigoths after Petronius Maximus's death
456 AD Ricimer's Gothic troops and Majorian's forces defeated his army near Piacenza
456 AD Deposed; made bishop of Piacenza; died shortly after, possibly murdered

Coinage

The coinage of Avitus is rare. Struck primarily at Arles and Rome during his brief reign, his types include the standard VICTORIA AVGGG and SALVS REIPVBLICAE reverses. His portrait is that of an older, bearded aristocrat. Arles mint issues reflect his Gallic power base.

Denominations

Solidus Siliqua

Notable Types

  • VICTORIA AVGGG types
  • SALVS REIPVBLICAE types

Common Reverses

VICTORIA AVGGG SALVS REIPVBLICAE

Active Mints

Arles (Arelate) Rome Milan

Further Reading

  • Roman Imperial Coinage, Volume X, J.P.C. Kent
  • Roman Coins and Their Values, Volume V, David R. Sear